Toxicology is the study of poisons and of chemical effects on the human body. The term has an extended sense in forensic science, where a toxicology report is an analysis of the chemicals—drugs, poison, or anything else—in a deceased person’s bloodstream. The word is also sometimes used to describe drug tests performed on living people.
Toxology is the study of archery. The word is so rare that most abridged dictionaries don’t include it.
Examples
Toxicology
It could take six weeks to complete a report, including doing toxicology reports on the driver, officials said. [Wall Street Journal]
Toxicology tests are needed to determine what killed them. [Press Herald]
The medical examiner’s office will conduct a post-mortem examination on Wednesday, but the results of toxicology tests could take up to two months. [BBC News]